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Pesticide Industry

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Category	Typical ingredients	Feature
Organophosphorus	Parathion, dichlorvos, dimethoate, chlorpyrifos, etc.	Highly toxic, inhibits cholinesterase, difficult to degrade
Pyrethroids	Cypermethrin, deltamethrin, cypermethrin, etc.	Moderately toxic, highly toxic to aquatic organisms
Triazoles	Tebuconazole, propiconazole, difenoconazole, etc.	Endocrine disruptor, difficult to degrade
Sulfonylureas	Metsulfuron-methyl, bensulfuron-methyl, chlorimuron-methyl, etc.	High biological activity, toxic even in trace amounts
Amides	Alachlor, acetochlor, butachlor, etc.	Suspected carcinogen, highly bioaccumulative
Nitrogen-containing heterocyclic rings	Atrazine, fipronil, prochloraz, etc.	Persistent organic pollutants (POPs)
Intermediates/by-products	Aniline, chlorobenzene, nitrobenzene, phenol, formaldehyde, AOX (adsorbable organic halides)	Carcinogenic, teratogenic, mutagenic, difficult to degrade

The pesticide production process generates large amounts of wastewater with complex components and is difficult to treat.

This type of wastewater typically exhibits the typical "four highs":

· High organic matter concentration: The chemical oxygen demand (COD) in pesticide wastewater is often extremely high, reaching tens of thousands or even hundreds of thousands of mg/L.

· Highly refractory components: The wastewater contains a large number of chemically stable and highly biotoxic organic compounds, such as organophosphorus, organochlorine, nitrogen-containing heterocycles, benzene derivatives, and other pesticide active ingredients and their production intermediates. These substances are often difficult to effectively degrade by microorganisms.

· High salinity: The pesticide production process generates wastewater with extremely high salinity, with salt concentrations reaching 10-25% or even higher. High salinity inhibits microbial activity, severely impacting biochemical treatment effectiveness, and potentially causing corrosion or scaling in subsequent physical and chemical treatment units.

High toxicity: Many components in pesticide wastewater have strong inhibitory or even lethal effects on microorganisms. Direct biochemical treatment is ineffective and may even lead to system collapse. Furthermore, if these toxic substances are discharged directly or indirectly into the environment, they pose a serious threat to ecosystems and human health.

Application of Ultraviolet Advanced Oxidation Processes (UV-AOPs) in Pesticide Wastewater Treatment

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Comparison of UV-AOP and Wet Oxidation (WAO/CWAO) Processes for Treating Pesticide Wastewater

1. High-Concentration Organic Wastewater:

UV-AOPs: While WAO/CWAO processes have certain limitations in COD concentration, they can treat wastewater with extremely high COD concentrations. However, within the COD concentration range of tens of thousands, UV-AOPs offer significant advantages in terms of investment and operating costs, operating conditions, maintenance, service life, and component replacement.

2. High-Salt Wastewater:

UV-AOPs: Unaffected by high salt loads, they can treat wastewater with salinity up to 20%. WAO/CWAO processes are more corrosive to equipment materials under high temperatures and pressures when treating wastewater containing high levels of salt (especially chloride ions), posing greater safety risks.

3. Highly Toxic Wastewater:

UV-AOPs: They can effectively degrade various highly toxic pesticide components, significantly reducing their toxicity. They are more cost-effective than WAO/CWAO processes for decomposing highly toxic pesticides.

4. High-Difficulty (Complex Component) Wastewater:

UV-AOPs: Due to their non-selective oxidation of ·OH, they have a certain degree of universal applicability for mixed pesticide wastewater. However, the degradation rates of different components vary significantly, requiring targeted optimization of process parameters. WAO/CWAO both have the ability to oxidize complex organic mixtures, but they have difficulty degrading certain small-molecule organic acids (such as acetic acid), which may become a treatment bottleneck.

UV-AOPs are more suitable than wet oxidation WAO/CWAO for the following applications:

1. Pesticide wastewater with medium-to-high concentrations (COD < 50,000 mg/L) but high toxicity and poor biodegradability. The primary goal is to reduce toxicity, increase efficacy, and improve biodegradability, serving as an effective pretreatment for subsequent biochemical treatment.

2. Applications requiring mild operating conditions (ambient temperature and pressure) and flexible start-up and shutdown.

3. Applications with limited space requiring compact, modular equipment.

4. Removal of pollutants with specific photosensitivity or susceptible to ·OH attack.

5. High-salinity, essentially saturated, high-salinity wastewater.

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The COG series ozone generators feature a built-in ModuOzone? high-concentration ozone discharge chamber and a dedicated high-frequency digital power control drive system. The discharge chamber utilizes high-purity alumina ceramic, features ultra-fine-gap high-frequency discharge, and features efficient water or air cooling to ensure optimal ozone output concentration and efficiency. The equipment integrates a maintenance-free, high-efficiency air compressor and a high-purity oxygen production system, making it suitable for a variety of applications. The COG series ozone generators feature an integrated pressure regulating valve, flow meter, and LCD touchscreen, allowing for adjustable ozone concentration and output levels. The equipment boasts a compact structure, simple operation, easy installation, and ease of maintenance, making it suitable for a wide range of applications, including water treatment, deodorization, decolorization, pharmaceutical manufacturing, wastewater treatment, and food processing.

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UV Photolysis

UV photolysis generally refers to the use of ultraviolet (UV) light to decompose substances, particularly pollutants.

Specific wavelengths of UV light (usually short-wavelength UV-C, such as 254 nm) can directly break the molecular bonds of certain substances (especially organic pollutants), causing a cracking reaction that breaks them down into smaller molecules, free radicals, or ultimately mineralizes them into CO? and H?O. This is known as direct photolysis. It is primarily used for TOC removal in ultrapure water, residual chlorine removal and disinfection prior to RO membranes for purified water, and the decomposition and disinfection of ammonium chloride in swimming pools and water features.

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